Gasifying devices



June 19, 1956 o. BENVENUTI 2,751,202

GASIFYING DEVICES Filed Oct. 27, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.3

A 22 16 3 F: g 4 w \NVEh O'H'an'o Q June 19, 1956 o. BENVENUTI GASIFYING DEVICES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 27, 1953 Fig. 2

4L2. ATTORNEY s United States Patent GASIFYING DEVICES Ottavio Benvenuti, Florence, Italy Application October 27, 1953, Serial No. 388,572 Claims priority, application Italy December 13, 1952 4 Claims. c1. 261-47) This invention relates to gasifying devices.

Induction gasifying devices are Well known, in particular for the production of the fuel mixture for supplying an internal combustion engine, in which provision is made for the passage of the liquid-gas mixture to be gasified, or at least partially gasified, through a plurality of passages or slots where induction of induction method makes the relative slipping of the fluid threads particularly active and for this reason it is possible to effect a vigorous vaporizing of the liquid particles drawn along by the fluid stream.

In devices of the above kind, the passages referred to constitute an obstruction to the flow of a gas, since these passages are formed by comparatively small ports, the sum of the cross-sections thereof being relatively restricted in order to keep the average speed of the stream high. This produces a drop in the pressure of the fluid in the downstream pipe or passage of the gasifier. In the particular case of forming a fuel mixture for a heat engine, this pressure drop, i. e, this rarefaction in the downstream mixture of the gasifying device, provides insuflicient charging of the engine cylinders and thus produces a reduction in power; this phenomenon occurs when a relatively large quantity of mixture is required, i. e. at high engine speeds. The reduction in pressure of the air-vapour mixture, due to the resistance to motion of the stream in the device, is greater when the speed of the stream is higher, and precisely in accordance with a ratio varying from the first to the second power of the average speed of the fluid. For this reason induction gasifying devices of the above mentioned type designed for the use referred to do not provide for attaining with a given engine, a satisfactory charging of the cylinders when the engine is running above a given speed; according to the law, by which the pressure loss (by induction) varies, this loss becomes obvious in practice only at speeds approaching the maximum, and in particular at the speed corresponding to the maximum power or output.

The object of the present invention is to provide a gasifier, in which the disadvantages above referred to are avoided and with which it is possible to obtain particularly good results.

With the foregoing object in view, a gasifying device made in accordance with the present invention consists substantially in the combination of an induction gasifier with means for supplying a supplementary fluid, such as air or mixture, which is supplied, in parallel with the induction gasifier, only when the amount of mixture required is relatively high. The supplementary fluid may be air alone, or air mixed with a liquid fuel which is suitably supplied at a place along the path of the supplementary air.

The means for supplying the supplementary fluid are actuated by a supplementary passage or pipe, which begins to open when the opening of the induction gasifier is already nearly at its maximum, the opening ofsaid supplementary feeding passage or pipe taking place very rapidly, so that practically maximum opening is reached the mixture takes place; this at the same time as maximum opening of the induction tlon gasifier; which means come into operation gradually, with the induction in tandem gasifier, when the mixture required plied with liquid fuel and supplying a passage liquid fuel to the induction gasifier, and means for placing the well in communication with the atmosphere through at least one passage, the cross-section of which can be adjusted.

The gasifying device produced by this combination of parts, and arranged to operate as a carburettor for endothermic engines, may be completed by an idling jet; it may be provided with means facilitating the pick-up of air, for varying the amount in dependence on the atmospheric pressure, and, in general, with all those devices known and in use, which adapt a carburettor to suit various requirements in use.

According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the supplementary passage or pipe, or the second gasifier is shaped so as to provide an annular induction mouth or inlet surrounding the mouth or inlet of the induction gasifier, and an outlet, also of annular shape and surrounding the outlet of the induction gasifier. Preferably, a shaped space is provided for conveying the gas from the annular inlet or mouth, to a passage provided with a full port, for example a circular port, in which there is provided at least the adjustment valve and if desired a liquid feeding means. A shaped space, fitting to the annular outlet mouth, starts from the full port passage.

leading the The fuel supply to the induction gasifier and to the. supplementary gasifier, may be effected through a jet,

passage by means of the ad-- justment valve of the mixture passage, or through a concontrolled by an adjustable stant level chamber.

- In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate em bodiments of the invention suitable for use for supplyinga liquid fuel endothermic engine:

Figure 1 shows diagrammaticaly two gasifiers suitably coupled together for the purpose of the invention;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of one embodiment of a gasifier combined with a supplementary air supply passage or pipe;

Figures 3 and 4 are, respectively, lines IIIII I and IV-IV of Fig. 2.

In Figure 1 the reference numeral 1 denotes an induction type gasifier, the adjustment of which is effected by a valve 2, for example of the throttle plate type, operated by an external lever 3. 4 is a second gasifier, for example a usual carburetor type, adjusted by a valve 5, also, for example, of the throttle plate type, operated by an external lever 6 which is held in the closed position against a pin 7 by means of a spring. The passages, downstream of the gasifiers land 4 are connected to a single engine.

sections taken on the 3 supply pipe 8. A usual auxiliary air supply device may be provided instead .of the .gasifier.

The lever 3 has an extension 3a having a shaped end 3b designed to cooperate with a roller 6a carried on the lever r6. Thearrangement .is such that the shaped end 3b makes contact with the roller 6a so as to effect the opening lot :the valve .5 only when the lever 3'has reached a position-corresponding ssubstantially .to the :full or maximum opening .of .the valve 2; thecontrol members 3, 3a, 3b andz6 are, furthermore, designedso that the-complete opening of ;the:valve:;ca-n be effected by a relatively small movement of the lever 3 beyond the position in which inmakes contact with the roller 6.

.Apractical embodiment of the invention comprising an induction type gasifier combined with a supplementary pipe and aiuel delivery well, which is fed bya constant level chamber, ,isashown in Figs. 2 and 4.

The air for the inductionitypeorifirst gasifier is supplied through azfilterrto :aninlet 11 of tapered .or conical shape leading ;into a cylindrical passage .12, having a relatively small area into which the fuel supply jet 13 projects. The passage '12 projects into a cup-shaped chamber 14, formed :in a body 15., and is formed at the end projecting into the chamber 14 with a plurality ofslots 16 .extendingparallel with the generating lines of the conduit 12 andconstituting a-first series of gas intake-passages. The body is formed with a second series of slots 17 at the upper edge of the chamber 14, these .slots extending parallel with the generating lines of the cylindrical wall of the chamber 14 and terminating in an annular recess 18 formed in the block 19 contaning the passage 12. The shaped body 15 projects into a chamber .20 having substantially the shape of a truncated cone and leading into the intake passage 21; the chamber 20 and the passage 21 are formed in a member .22 .connected to the block 19 so as to clamp the body 15in position. Radial slots .23 ofvariable depth are formed in the periphery of the body 15; these slots constitute a,hird.series of passages through which the fluid is to be induced. .A throttle plate type valve 24, is provided in the passage 21 to adjust the flow-of gas.

The unit above described constitutes an induction gasifier in which the gas, coming from the inlet 11, passes through the passage 12, whilst being mixed with the liquid fuel to be gasified coming from the nozzle "13 in suitably measured amounts, the fuel-gas mixture then passing through the slots 16 into the chamber 14, thence through the slots -17 into the annular chamber formed by the wall 18, and then, through the slots 23 into the chamber 20 and passage 21.

The inlet 11 is formed in a block 25 surrounded by a sleeve 26, having a securing flange 27. The sleeve '26 is hollowed out on its inner surface to ,fiorman annular gap 28 surrounding the inlet 11 and is joined with ;a lateral cavity 29 formed by a recess 30 in the sleeve .26 and a recess 31 in the block 25. The larger diameter portion of the block 25 is formed with ,a passage 32, having for example a circular cross-section; this passage 32 extends parallel with the passage -11--12 and .-is;provided with a valve 33 for adjusting the supplementary air. In a modification the passage 32 can be shaped so as to form the mixing passage of a usual type of carburettor and will .then include a suitable jet for supplying liquid fuel, which can be supplied for example :by means :of .a

constant level chamber, the jet being ample, in a Venturi tube.

The bodies 19 and 22are surrounded by a shaped sleeve 36, connected, ior example, by screws 37, to the .block 25 and to the sleeve 26, so as toengage the block 19- and all the parts connected thereto. The sleeve 36 is formed, by means of a suitable recess in the block 19, with a chamber 38which communicates with the passage 32; this chamber 38 communicates with a space 39 formed by suitably recessing the inner surface of the sleeve .36, between the "latter and the outer'wall of the element arranged, for ex- 22; this space 39 forms an annular outlet surrounding the lower .end of the passage .21. The passage 21 and the outlet from said space 39 lead into the engine supply pipe 40.

The valve 33 (equivalent to the valve 5 of Fig. l) is opened when the valve 24 is moved into a position near to the position of maximum opening, and is opened rapidly so as to be in the position of maximum opening substantially at the same time as the valve 24 reaches the maximum open position; in this .way a stream of air in tandem with the stream of mixture passing through 11, 12, 21 is taken upfront the annular space 28, and is discharged from the annular space 39, having been carburetted,if desired, without meeting-any serious resistance to its fiow.

The liquid fuel passes to the jet 13 through a float chamber. The tube of the jet 13 starts from a well or chamber 41, formed in the block 25 and closed at top by a small block 42 passing through the flange 27. A needle valve 43 *is screwed into the block 42, the-tapered end of the needle extending-into an aperture 44, the area of which can therefore be varied by movement of the needle valve-43. The aperture 44 places the well 41 in communication with a chamber 45in the block 42 which is incommunication-with the atmosphere'through a small aperture 46.

The liquid fuel is fed to the well 41 by a device comprising a constant *level chamber. A block 48 is fitted to the elements 25-36 and a constant level chamber 49 containing a-fioat 50 of usual type, is-fitted in the block 48. The fuel passes through a calibrated aperture from the bottom of the chamber 49, the calibrated aperture being "formed in a member 51 carried in a well known way on :the lower end of a screw-threaded rod '52; the fuel passes to'the well 41 through a passage 53; a pressure drop due to the passage of the gas in the passage 12,, exists in the well 41. The liquid fuel is mixed in the well 41, *with air coming, if desired, from the adjustable aperture 44, and passes into the jet-pipe 13. A threaded rod 54, designed to adjust the calibrated aperture for idle or-slow running and an additional rod 55 providing for a mixing control or the like, or for feeding the fuel, if desired, through the lateral passage 32, may be ,provided'in-thcblock 48.

A longitudinal blind passage '56, communicating with a :side or transverse passage 57 may be drilled in the shaped body '15, containing the chamber 14. It is possible 'to provide, with this arrangement, for regular operation of an engine at slow running speeds.

"The invention-is in no way limited to the embodiments shown in the drawings, which embodiments may be modified :in many ways without departing from the scope of the invention as set out in the appended claims.

"WhatI claim is:

l. A gasifying device, more particularly for the production of air-fuel mixture for internal combustion eugines including an exhaust conduit, anannular outlet surrounding said exhaust conduit, a throttle valve .in said conduit, 21 main body connected to said conduit, an enlarged chamber therein, said conduit leading out of said chamber, a cup "housed in a concentric position at a suitable distance from the-chamber walls, the upper opening .being arranged proximate to the ceiling of the enlarged chamber, a plurality of slots in the edge of said upper opening, said slots being extended in a substantiaily longitudinal direction, amixingconduit aligned with said exhaust conduit and with said cup and having a smaller cross-section than that of the exhaust conduit, penetrating through the ceiling of the enlarged chamber, the inner end of said mixing conduit being provided with a seriesof slots arranged in a substantially longitudinal direction and opening adjacent the bottom of the cup, while the other end of said mixing conduit is provided with an enlarged portion communicating with the exteriot, a supplemental conduit for a supplemental iiuid,

arranged on the side of said body, control means for the opening of said supplemental conduit, means starting the opening of said supplemental conduit when the requirement of the mixture exceeds a predetermined limiting volume, and a shaped jacket fitted on one side thereof to said supplemental conduit and on the other side thereof to said annular outlet surrounding said exhaust conduit.

2. A gasifying device, more particularly for the production of air-fuel mixture for internal combustion engines, including an exhaust conduit, an annular outlet surrounding said conduit, a throttle valve in said conduit, 21 main body connected to said conduit, an enlarged chamber therein, said conduit leading out of said chamber, a cup housed in a concentric position at a suitable distance from the chamber walls, the upper opening being arranged proximate to the ceiling of the enlarged chamber, a plurality of slots in the edge of said upper opening, said slots being extended in a substantially longitudinal direction, a mixing conduit aligned with said exhaust conduit and with said cup and having a smaller cross-section than that of the exhaust conduit, penetrating through the ceiling of the enlarged chamber, the inner end of said mixing conduit being provided with a series of slots arranged in a substantially longitudinal direction and opening adjacent the bottom of the cup while the other end of said mixing conduit is provided with an enlarged portion communicating with the exterior, an annular inlet surrounding said enlarged portion, a supplemental conduit for a supplemental fluid arranged on the side of said body, control means for the opening of said supplemental conduit, and means starting the opening of said supplemental conduit when the requirement of the mixture exceeds a predetermined limiting volume, a shaped jacket fitted on one side thereof to said supplemental conduit and on the other side thereof to said annular outlet surrounding said exhaust conduit, another shaped jacket fitted on one side thereof to said supplemental conduit and on the other side thereof to said annular inlet surrounding said enlarged portion.

3. A gasifying device, more particularly for the production of air-fuel mixture for internal combustion engines, including an exhaust conduit, an annular outlet surrounding said conduit, a throttle valve in said conduit, a main body connected to said conduit, an enlarged chamber therein, said conduit leading out of said chamber, a cup housed in a concentric position at a suitable distance from the chamber walls, the upper opening being arranged proximate to the ceiling of the enlarged chamber, a plurality of slots in the edge of said upper opening, said slots being extended in a substantially longitudinal direction, a mixing conduit aligned with said exhaust conduit and with said cup and having a smaller cross-section than that of the exhaust conduit, penetrating through the ceiling of the enlarged chamber, the inner end of said mixing conduit being provided with a series of slots arranged in a substantially longitudinal direction and opening adjacent the bottom of the cup while the other end of said mixing conduit is provided with an enlarged portion communicating with the exterior, an annular inlet surrounding said enlarged portion, a fuel delivery apparatus comprising a constant level cup, a small well, a conduit of the fluid coming from said constant level cup opening into said well, a conduit between said well and said mixing conduit, communication means between the exterior and said well, said last means including at least an adjustable passage, a supplemental conduit for a supplemental fluid arranged on the side of said body, control means for the opening of said supplemental conduit, and means starting the opening of said supplemental conduit When the requirement of the mixture exceeds a predetermined limiting volume, a shaped jacket fitted on one side thereof to said supplemental conduit and on the other side thereof to said annular outlet surrounding said exhaust conduit, another shaped jacket fitted on one side thereof to said supplemental conduit and on the other side thereof to said annular inlet surrounding said enlarged portion.

4. A gasifying device, more particularly for the production of air-fuel mixture for internal combustion engines, including an exhaust conduit, an annular outlet surrounding said conduit, a throttle valve in said conduit, a main body connected to said conduit, an enlarged chamber therein, said conduit leading out of said chamber, a cup housed in a concentric position at a suitable distance from the chamber walls, the upper opening being arranged proximate to the ceiling of the enlarged chamber, a plurality of slots in the edge of said upper opening, said slots being extended in a substantially longitudial direction, a mixing conduit aligned with said exhaust conduit and with said cup and having a smaller cross-section than that of the exhaust conduit, penetrating through the ceiling of the enlarged chamber, the inner end of said mixing conduit being provided with a series of slots arranged in a substantially longitudinal direction and opening adjacent the bottom of the cup While the other end of said mixing conduit is provided with an enlarged portion communicating with the exterior, an annular inlet surrounding said enlarged portion, a fuel delivery apparatus comprising a constant level cup, a small well, the conduit of the fluid coming from said constant level cup opening into said well, a conduit between said well and said mixing conduit, communication means between the exterior and said well, said last means including at least an adjustable passage, a supplemental conduit for a supplemental fluid arranged on the side of said body, control means for the opening of said supplemental conduit and means starting the opening of said supplemental conduit when the requirement of the mixture exceeds a predetermined limiting volume, a shaped jacket fitted on one side thereof to said supplemental conduit and on the other side thereof to said annular outlet surrounding said exhaust conduit, another shaped jacket fitted on one side thereof to said supplemental conduit and on the other side thereof to an annular inlet surrounding said enlarged portion, and an elongated passageway coaxial with said exhaust conduit and positioned in the bottom of said cup, said passageway communicating with another transverse passageway opening into said enlarged chamber downstream of said slots.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,283,154 Godward Oct. 29, 1918 1,776,192 Perry Sept. 16, 1930 1,963,458 Beard June 19, 1934 1,990,702 Leibing Feb. 12, 1935 2,351,494 De Wall June 13, 1944 2,363,153 Shipman Nov. 21, 1944 2,436,319 Meyer Feb. 17, 1948 

